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Caregiving

Caregiving is one of the greatest gifts we can provide a loved one. But it also involves many challenges to the health, well-being and financial security of caregivers. Eighty percent of older adults and people with long-term health issues are cared for at home by family and friends. Can you relate? Read more below.

Stay connected! Family caregivers of people with dementia may benefit from online and telephone support
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Can you relate? Options to improve support for unpaid caregivers
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3 simple ways to manage challenging behaviours associated with dementia
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106 Show All 50Blog Posts 48Evidence Summaries 8Web Resource Ratings 0Patient Decision Aids

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Supportive homes and communities Health care and health service delivery Autonomy and independence Cognitive health and dementia Mobility and transportation Healthy lifestyles and wellness Staying connected Financial wellness and employment
  • Evidence Summary

    Perceived social support may be a good predictor of the burden perceived by caregivers

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    PLoS One (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Carer-focused strategies may improve caregiving experience for informal carers of people with mental illness

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    British Journal of Psychiatry (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Interventions for preventing abuse in the elderly

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Palliative care and end-of-life needs for hospital patients are not consistently recognized by healthcare professionals

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    Health Services and Delivery Research (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Efficacy and experiences of telephone counselling for informal carers of people with dementia

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Parenting interventions for grandparents may lead to better mental health and wellbeing for participants

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Cogent Social Sciences (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Web-based interventions can help reduce negative health outcomes for caregivers of patients with chronic diseases

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Journal of Medical Internet Research (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Internet-based interventions that focus on behaviour change and support can improve the mental well-being of caregivers

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Journal of Medical Internet Research (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Communication-training interventions can improve family and professional carers’ knowledge and communication skills

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Aging & Mental Health (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Older adults may receive better care in nursing homes when staff actively push for quality improvements

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Peer support programs help lower blood sugar in people with diabetes

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    BMC Public Health (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Some evidence that programs aiming to decrease emergency department visits by frequent users are effective

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Academic Emergency Medicine (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Self-management programs are an effective means of improving the ability of older adults to carry out daily activities

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Journal of Nursing Studies (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Self-care programs for older adults living at home should consider their experiences, attitudes and the meanings they attribute to care

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Journal of Nursing Studies (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Nurse-coordinated care has positive outcomes for patients with coronary heart disease

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Heart (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Family-based education may improve knowledge and mental well-being among heart failure patients and their caregivers

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Patient Education and Counseling (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Caregiver stress has only a minimal impact on the institutionalization of elderly people who need care

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    PLOS ONE (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Technology-based cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is likely just as effective at reducing depression among dementia caregivers as traditional care

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Aging & Mental Health (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Web-based support benefits caregivers of cancer patients

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Oncology Nursing Forum (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Oral health education programs for caregivers of older adults lead to improved oral health outcomes in elderly patients

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Journal of Nursing Studies (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Self-management programs can improve health outcomes in older adults with diabetes

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Diabetic Medicine (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Specialist nurses are no more effective than conventional services at increasing dementia caregiver satisfaction or reducing their depression

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Health and Social Care in the Community (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Case management approaches to home support for people with dementia.

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    Support programs for both community-dwelling people with dementia and their informal caregivers are beneficial

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Psychogeriatrics (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Peer support programs may be a promising way to support caregivers of people with dementia

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Internet-based support can benefit caregivers of individuals with dementia

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Older adults with dementia and their caregivers should be engaged in care decisions to improve the adoption of effective falls prevention strategies

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Gerontologist (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Strategies that include a combination of education and ongoing support for caregivers can improve care of people with dementia living at home

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Patient Education and Counseling (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Family members who make decisions on behalf of dementia patients need support to ensure decisions reflect the patient’s wishes, preferences and values

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Playing music in nursing homes may reduce resistance to care among older adults with dementia

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Journal of Advanced Nursing (2014 Apr 16)
  • Evidence Summary

    Person-centred care for older adults with dementia in residential settings may benefit patients as well as care providers

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    eHealth interventions should be used more extensively to improve palliative care patients’, caregivers’ and health professionals’ access to needed information

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Journal of Medical Internet Research (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Consumer-directed care can empower older people and their caregivers by offering them greater flexibility and by increasing their involvement in care-related decisions.

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Health and Social Care in the Community (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Acceptance and commitment therapy improved the psychological health of informal caregivers of people with chronic health conditions

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    JAMA Netw Open (2023)
  • Evidence Summary

    Multicomponent interventions are effective in helping alleviate burdens of family caregivers

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Australian Occupational Therapy Journal (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    The third sector as a means of coordinating person-centred social care for older adults

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Health & Social Care in the Community (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Limited evidence found for interventions to prevent or stop elder abuse

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Age and Ageing (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Aging parents of adult children with intellectual disability face many barriers when planning for the future care of their children

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Interventions done with caregivers of stroke survivors improve some caregiver and patient outcomes

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Stroke (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Case management in community-based care for older adults can improve patients’ psychological health and reduce their unmet service needs

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    BMC Health Services Research (2012)
  • Evidence Summary

    Family members who make decisions on behalf of relatives with dementia need regular opportunities to engage with healthcare staff

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Patients and carers receiving home-based palliative care report unmet needs related to communication and support for non-physical suffering

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Palliative Medicine (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    More supports are needed for frail and older adults, their families and health professionals to enable appropriate end-of-life care planning discussions.

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    British Journal of General Practice (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Utility of respite services can improve with better tailoring to caregiver needs

    Rating 2 out of 5 stars
    Health and Social Care in the Community (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Day centres have a positive influence on older people's mental health, social contacts, and quality of life

    Rating 2 out of 5 stars
    Ageing & Society (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    The lack of legal status and the sustained burden of care affect grandparents who are primary caregivers of their grandchildren

    Rating 2 out of 5 stars
    Journal of Family Studies (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Music can improve the well-being of older adults with dementia living in community settings

    Rating 2 out of 5 stars
    Dementia (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Family caregivers can share their experiences and unique knowledge of relatives’ lives to improve care for people with dementia transitioning to a nursing home

    Rating 2 out of 5 stars
    Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences (2013)
  • Blog Post

    3 strategies to support caregivers

    Sharing is caring! Research shares strategies that can help improve the health and well-being of caregivers.
  • Blog Post

    Caring for the psychological health of caregivers: Acceptance and commitment therapy

    Are you a caregiver for someone with a chronic health condition? Acceptance and commitment therapy (aka ACT) can hold benefits for your psychological health.
  • Blog Post

    Getting a head start! Are there benefits to implementing early-stage strategies for caregivers of people with cognitive impairments?

    Learn about early-stage strategies that may help you as a caregiver for a person with dementia or mild cognitive impairment.
  • Blog Post

    Violence against family caregivers: Symptom of the disease or abuse?

    We often hear about cases of older adults being victims of poor care, being neglected or being financially abused by their family caregivers. But sometimes, it is the family caregiver who is a victim. How can we determine if this is the symptoms of a disease or an act of abuse?
  • Blog Post

    Being the grandparent of a disabled child: Between adaptation and resilience

    Expecting the arrival of a grandchild is a great source of joy and excitement. But the joy and excitement are sometimes turned upside down when their grandchild is born with a disability or if a disability is revealed during infancy. How do grandparents receive such news and how do they experience the difference of their grandchild?
  • Blog Post

    Family involvement with nursing homes following placement of a relative living with dementia

    An estimated 50 million people worldwide are living with dementia, a number that is expected to triple to 152 million by 2050. In high-income countries, about half of all people with dementia are cared for in nursing homes. Placing a loved one in a nursing home is not an easy decision and families often wish to be engaged as care partners in nursing homes.
  • Blog Post

    The crucial role of caregivers in emergency preparedness

    Caregivers are an invaluable resource: they are expected to provide care, support, facilitate navigation through health and social systems, and advocate for their loved ones. The role of caregivers is crucial, especially during disasters and as we have seen with the COVID-19 pandemic. Learn more about the experiences of caregivers during emergencies.
  • Blog Post

    Evidence-based considerations around long-term care

    The decision to transition yourself or a loved one to a long-term care facility is not an easy one. Luckily, research exists to help you learn about your long-term care options and support you through the decision-making process.
  • Blog Post

    3 research-based benefits to being involved in conversations about your health – part 2

    Keep ‘em coming! Research outlines even more benefits to being involved in conversations and decision making around your own health or the health of a loved one.
  • Blog Post

    The other side of the screen

    Although no robust systematic review could be identified about zoom fatigue among older adults and the general population, experts have raised a red flag. The overuse of virtual communication platforms could lead to cognitive distortions and non-verbal overload inherent in video communication. This could even increase feelings of isolation and anxiety.
  • Blog Post

    Emotional closeness between grandparents and grandchildren

    Sometimes a unique bond develops between grandparents and their grandchildren. But what factors can influence this emotional closeness, and what impact can it have on grandparents and grandchildren?
  • Blog Post

    Heading home from the hospital? Caregivers can play an important role in the discharge process

    Are you are a caregiver to an older adult? Learn more about the importance of collaborating with the health care team in hospital-discharge planning for your loved one.
  • Blog Post

    Caregivers: Unsung heroes of the pandemic

    The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has put pressures on all of us, but among all those affected since the start of the pandemic, one group has met incredible challenges: caregivers. Read more for a few helpful tips for supporting caregivers through these challenging times.
  • Blog Post

    Grieving experiences in the context of a pandemic: how to support individual and collective grief

    In recent months, voices have been raised calling for a national strategy to support mass grieving and bereavement during the current and future pandemics. But what programs and services could be put in place to support those who must cope with the loss of a loved one during pandemics?
  • Blog Post

    3 research-based benefits to being involved in conversations about your health

    Why is being involved in discussions and decision-making about your own health important? Research highlights three benefits for individuals and their caregivers.
  • Blog Post

    Are you a caregiver? Support may be just a “couple of clicks” away!

    Research shows that online support services can be a beneficial alternative for caregivers.
  • Blog Post

    Grandparents raising grandchildren: Social support needed

    A large number of grandparents are the primary caregiver of their grandchildren. While raising your grandchildren may be one of the most rewarding experiences, some grandparents may require additional social support to effectively play their role.
  • Blog Post

    Isolation and remoteness: Supporting family caregivers in hard-to-reach communities

    Family caregivers in hard-to-reach communities are at greater risk of unequal access to health and social services. How can we support them?
  • Blog Post

    Going home: Plan your transition before being discharged

    Going home from the hospital can be both an exciting and stressful time for patients and their caregivers. Make sure that you play an active role in planning your transition back home.
  • Blog Post

    Barriers to respite: Why do caregivers of people with dementia not use respite services?

    Many of people with dementia live in residential and long-term care facilities, but others are living at home with support from their caregivers. Despite the burden and distress of these caregivers, many do not use existing respite services.
  • Blog Post

    Day centers: Safe and stimulating environments for older adults living with a loss of autonomy

    Many older adults and caregivers are benefiting from day centres, which offer programs of activities in professional care settings. Learn about the purposes of day centres, who benefits from them and how are they perceived.
  • Blog Post

    Empowering caregivers

    Despite their critical roles, caregivers often feel unprepared to provide care and often receive little guidance from healthcare providers. What do they need to feel empowered?
  • Blog Post

    Supporting caregivers of frail older adults

    Frail older adults have significant care needs, and often rely heavily on caregivers to support them. Despite their crucial role, support for caregivers is often lacking or inconsistently available.
  • Blog Post

    Planning for the future: The concerns among older parents of adult children with intellectual disabilities

    Parents of children with intellectual disabilities must sometime provide ongoing care for their children, even during adulthood. These parents face significant challenges, including planning for their children's future care arrangements while anticipating their own aging and death.
  • Blog Post

    Having ‘the talk’: The benefits of making your wishes known about end-of-life care

    Advance care planning and having discussions about end-of-life care with family members and healthcare providers can have positive impacts for everyone involved.
  • Blog Post

    Grandparents' parenting skills: Learning how to better care for your grandchildren

    Parents are primarily responsible for meeting the needs of children, but grandparents play an increasing role in this area. Although they have some experience, having raised their own children, grandparents may face new challenges, some of which are unique to their grandchildren's generation. Can parenting interventions equip them to fulfil their role with grandchildren?
  • Blog Post

    Dementia caregiving: Take care of yourself while caring for others

    Support for family caregivers of people with dementia cannot be overlooked – it is a necessity. If the stress of caregiving is left unchecked, it can take a toll on a caregiver’s mental, physical and social health. Multicomponent strategies may be a good way to keep a caregiver grounded and healthy.
  • Blog Post

    The sound of music: promoting the social well-being of older adults with dementia and their caregivers

    Music can promote the social well-being of older adults with dementia and their caregivers. Let the sound of music brighten up our homes and communities for the well-being of older adults and their caregivers.
  • Blog Post

    Delivering home-care services: empathy and respect needed

    The aging population is expected to generate growing demands for high-quality home-care services. There is a need for flexible policies, procedures and guidelines on the delivery of home-care services to allow older adults to have a say about their needs and how to meet them
  • Blog Post

    When "good nights" are rare: Do sleeping pills help people with dementia?

    Do sleep aid medications help to improve sleep for people with dementia?
  • Blog Post

    3 simple ways to manage challenging behaviours associated with dementia

    What can caregivers do to help manage common behavior challenges among people with dementia? Three tips supported by research evidence.
  • Blog Post

    Combat loneliness and depression by sharing memories: Relive those glory days!

    One of the pleasures in life is spending time with family and friends. Another is getting together to relive those good times and memorable moments. Research shows that group activities involving reminiscing can help relieve social isolation/loneliness and depression.
  • Blog Post

    Does caregiver stress affect the move to long term care?

    Providing care for family members with challenging chronic diseases like dementia can be highly stressful and take a toll on caregivers’ physical and psychological health. When caregivers become “burnt out” are their loved ones more likely to be placed in long term care facilities?
  • Blog Post

    Transitioning to end of life care: Communication is key

    The latest research shows healthcare providers and their elderly patients find it difficult to talk about end-of-life prognosis and preferences for care. Dr. John You – a doctor and expert in end-of-life communication – shares his perspective.
  • Blog Post

    Advance care planning and intensive care: Planning ahead for your end of life wishes

    Patients who have an advance care plan are less likely to receive unwanted intensive care in hospital. Dr. Michelle Howard – an expert in end-of-life communication – provides a professional view on the topic and citizen contributor Diane shares her personal experience.
  • Blog Post

    Preventing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a critical illness

    People who survive a critical illness are at increased risk for post-traumatic stress disorder. Keeping an ICU ‘diary’ is a promising way to help prevent or reduce PTSD symptoms
  • Blog Post

    Can you relate? Options to improve support for unpaid caregivers

    Providing unpaid care offers both rewards and challenges. A panel of caregivers share their thoughts and suggestions about how to better support caregivers.
  • Blog Post

    Hospital in the home: After emergency room treatment, follow-up care at home can be an effective and preferred option

    After a medical emergency, many people prefer to recuperate at home. New research compares the benefits of home care vs hospital care. Citizen contributor Lillian shares her personal perspective.
  • Blog Post

    Stay connected! Family caregivers of people with dementia may benefit from online and telephone support

    Caring for a loved one with dementia is challenging and can take a physical and emotional toll. Internet and combined internet and telephone-based programs may provide a cost-effective, easy-to-access option for caregivers seeking information and support.
  • Blog Post

    Options for long-term care mean more choice for older adults

    Home and community based care, assisted living and nursing home care all have related risks and benefits. Decisions about long term care settings should consider the needs and unique circumstances of older adults and the people caring for them.
  • Blog Post

    Person-centred care for patients with dementia may also benefit caregivers

    A person-centred care approach focuses on a patient’s unique abilities, interests, habits and wishes. Care providers who receive training in person-centred care may have higher job satisfaction and experience less career burnout.
  • Blog Post

    Home palliative care a key to respecting end of life wishes

    Home palliative care – provided by specially trained health professionals – increases the likelihood of a patient dying at home and may even help to ease symptoms.
  • Blog Post

    Caring for the caregivers: Who is meeting the care needs of older adults?

    Families of older adults continue to provide the vast majority of care for their members when necessary. Changes in modern society necessitate support for them from the formal healthcare system.
  • Blog Post

    Elder abuse just next door! Part 4: What are the benefits and harms of interventions to those experiencing elder abuse?

    In this final blog from a 4-part series, we examine the benefits and harms of interventions to help those experiencing elder abuse.
  • Blog Post

    Elder abuse just next door! Part 3: What do Canadians believe about abuse compared to the evidence of the size of the problem?

    In part 3 of this 4 part series we examine public opinion about elder abuse. This is compared to known rates of abuse in Canada and internationally.
  • Blog Post

    Elder abuse just next door! Part 2: What are the risk factors and types of elder abuse?

    In Part 2 of this 4-part series, we expand upon the different types of elder abuse. Important risk factors associated with vulnerable seniors, as well as the perpetrators of the abuse are discussed.
  • Blog Post

    Elder abuse just next door! Part 1: What is elder abuse?

    We often fail to recognize the signs of elder abuse. In Part 1 of this 4 part series we focus on defining elder abuse. Our understanding of elder abuse has changed over time. Culture and geography are also important.
  • Blog Post

    Treating behavioural problems of dementia: When confusion leads to controversy

    The majority of people with Alzheimer’s will develop behaviour problems over time and this causes much suffering and stress for patients and caregivers. There are solutions to manage this.
  • Blog Post

    Recognize and prevent delirium (confusion and agitation) when in hospital.

    Simple interventions (family visits, familiar objects, clocks) may help to prevent or recover from acute delirium in hospital. Recognize confusion or agitation and inform staff.
  • Blog Post

    Social isolation: what is it and why is it important to your health?

    Social isolation should be considered a health risk. Many older adults are socially isolated and this should be of concern to all of us. We need more research on the best way to deal with it.
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