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Multiple chronic conditions

Approximately 60% of older adults have at least two chronic conditions. Learning to manage a variety of treatments while maintaining quality of life can be challenging. Older Canadians who take multiple medications (polypharmacy) to manage their conditions face particular challenges. Find out more below.

Polypharmacy, part 1. Pitfalls of multiple medications: taking multiple drugs and risk of interactions.
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Polypharmacy, part 2. Risk of drug effects with multiple medications in the elderly: aging changes.
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Is it time for a medication review? Many people take unnecessary meds
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49 Show All 25Blog Posts 19Evidence Summaries 5Web Resource Ratings 0Patient Decision Aids

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  • Evidence Summary

    Physical activity-based interventions using electronic feedback may be ineffective in reducing pain and disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Mobile phone text messages help people with chronic conditions take medications as prescribed

    Rating 5 out of 5 stars
    JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Transition interventions for chronically-ill older adults associated with decreased mortality, readmission, and readmission days

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Interventions for improving outcomes in patients with multimorbidity in primary care and community settings

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Interventions for managing multiple chronic health conditions in older adults improve health outcomes and mental wellness

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    CMAJ (2018)
  • Evidence Summary

    Good team dynamics and worker flexibility can ensure older adults get the most from integrated care

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Journal for Quality in Health Care (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    People with chronic disease can benefit from self-management support provided by nurses in the community

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    PLoS One (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Telehealth technologies help older adults with chronic conditions develop self-management skills and improve their health

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare (2017)
  • Evidence Summary

    Self-management programs are an effective means of improving the ability of older adults to carry out daily activities

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Journal of Nursing Studies (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Non-medical prescribing versus medical prescribing for acute and chronic disease management in primary and secondary care.

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Moderate-quality evidence reports home-based primary care as a promising model of care delivery for patients with chronic conditions

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Interventions for improving outcomes in patients with multimorbidity in primary care and community settings.

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2016)
  • Evidence Summary

    Integrated care programs can reduce hospital admissions, improve adherence to treatment guidelines and improve patient quality of life

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    International Journal for Quality in Health Care (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    A questionnaire on 13 health factors predicts risk for mortality in patients with heart failure.

    Rating 4 out of 5 stars
    Eur Heart J (2013)
  • Evidence Summary

    Acceptance and commitment therapy improved the psychological health of informal caregivers of people with chronic health conditions

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    JAMA Netw Open (2023)
  • Evidence Summary

    Ageing simulation equipment can help students empathize with older adults

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Journal of Advanced Nursing (2020)
  • Evidence Summary

    Specialist social workers with a budget for domiciliary care and other social-care interventions can be effective to support disabled adults and older adults with complex care needs

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Health & Social Care in the Community (2014)
  • Evidence Summary

    Personalised care planning for adults with chronic or long-term health conditions.

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2015)
  • Evidence Summary

    More supports are needed for frail and older adults, their families and health professionals to enable appropriate end-of-life care planning discussions.

    Rating 3 out of 5 stars
    British Journal of General Practice (2013)
  • Blog Post

    Aging and HIV: A challenge for geriatricians

    HIV-geriatric medicine is intended to be collaborative work between HIV specialists and geriatricians. It is a fairly young discipline which aims to ensure a global and specific approach to elderly patients with HIV, focused on function and the continuum of care. How geriatricians envisage care older people living with HIV?
  • Blog Post

    Grey nomads: Aging optimally on the road

    For more than two decades, Australia has seen a growing community of "grey nomads" who travel independently and for extended periods in their caravan or motor home. A nomadic lifestyle can reveal some challenges when it comes to chronic disease management. What lessons can we learn from Australia's grey nomads with type 1 and 2 diabetes?
  • Blog Post

    3 research-based benefits to being involved in conversations about your health

    Why is being involved in discussions and decision-making about your own health important? Research highlights three benefits for individuals and their caregivers.
  • Blog Post

    Assistive technologies: It’s not for me, I’m not there yet!

    In Canada 1.1 million older adults use assistive technology to compensate for physical or cognitive limitations. However, despite the potential benefits of these technologies, some older adults remain reluctant to use them. What can explain this reluctance?
  • Blog Post

    Dietary mobile apps put nutrition help at the fingertips of those with chronic disease

    More and more people are embracing the digital age. Those with chronic diseases have the option of turning to the plentiful supply of dietary mobile apps to better manage their health. While these apps hold promise, more work is needed to determine if they are safe and effective.
  • Blog Post

    Could mobile apps help older adults cope with extreme weather events?

    In recent years, we have seen an increase in extreme weather events. Are there mobile apps combining information about the health status of older adults with information about the environment outside their home (for example, extreme temperatures, icy conditions, or poor air quality)?
  • Blog Post

    Going home: Plan your transition before being discharged

    Going home from the hospital can be both an exciting and stressful time for patients and their caregivers. Make sure that you play an active role in planning your transition back home.
  • Blog Post

    Dietary mobile apps put nutrition help at the fingertips of those with chronic disease

    More and more people are embracing the digital age. Those with chronic diseases have the option of turning to the plentiful supply of dietary mobile apps to better manage their health. While these apps hold promise, more work is needed to determine if they are safe and effective.
  • Blog Post

    Personalized care planning: Take charge of your chronic illness before it takes charge of you

    Dealing with chronic disease isn’t easy. Personalized care planning is a proactive approach to managing chronic illness that empowers patients to participate in their own care, helping to enhance their health.
  • Blog Post

    Walking: An age-old strategy to boost your health

    As you get older, getting from one place to another can be a challenge. To put you on the road to better health, invest in a sturdy pair of shoes and use the power of your own two feet to get you to where you need to be.
  • Blog Post

    Telehealth: A new fix for an old problem – helping people with chronic conditions take better care of themselves

    Is chronic illness getting you down? Telehealth is a promising way for you to connect with your health care provider and better manage your condition.
  • Blog Post

    Struggling with your weight? Get active and improve your health with high intensity interval training!

    Short on time? Research suggests that high-intensity interval training can improve cardiovascular and metabolic health in people who are overweight or obese.
  • Blog Post

    6 research-based ways your smartphone can support your healthy aging goals

    Stay informed, engaged and on track to age well. Find out how your mobile phone can be a helpful tool to help keep you healthy.
  • Blog Post

    Is it time for a medication review? Many people take unnecessary meds

    As we grow older, our collection of prescription pills tends to grow larger! A medication review can help you cut down on inappropriate or unnecessary medications.
  • Blog Post

    Need help managing medications? Try text message reminders

    Text messaging can have health benefits, including helping people better manage their medications.
  • Blog Post

    Do self-management programs for diabetes really work?

    Managing diabetes can be challenging for anyone, but for older adults with multiple health and age-related conditions, it can be especially difficult. Dr. Diana Sherifali weighs in on how self-management programs can be adapted to best support older adults with diabetes.
  • Blog Post

    Tips for a more rewarding visit with your family physician

    Patients visiting their doctors often complain that they must restrict what they discuss with them to only one health problem at each visit, which isn’t helpful. There are different approaches.
  • Blog Post

    Let's take a pole: Who wants to try Nordic walking?

    Nordic walking is popular among older adults. The evidence for the benefits and harms for this exercise are reviewed.
  • Blog Post

    Balancing guidelines and drugs in those with multiple health conditions

    Many suffer from multiple chronic conditions and clinical practice guidelines may not consider the unique needs of older adults. An individualized approach that incorporates values and goals may be the best plan.
  • Blog Post

    Polypharmacy, part 4. Medication review encourages best use and reduces adverse effects.

    Periodically ask a healthcare provider to check your medications. This can ensure the least harm and most benefit overall, and reduce drugs taken and interactions in polypharmacy.
  • Blog Post

    Polypharmacy, part 3. Online drug interaction checkers to assess side effects.

    Online drug interaction checkers are useful, but have some problems with identifying adverse effects. Always talk to a healthcare provider to confirm your risk for side effects.
  • Blog Post

    Polypharmacy, part 2. Risk of drug effects with multiple medications in the elderly: aging changes.

    Aging may change the effects and risk profile of different drugs. Polypharmacy may increase, decrease, or cancel effects of different drugs, foods, and supplements.
  • Blog Post

    Polypharmacy, part 1. Pitfalls of multiple medications: taking multiple drugs and risk of interactions.

    Many older Canadians are taking multiple medications (polypharmacy) to manage their health conditions. Taking 5 or more medications can increase your risk of drug interactions.
  • Blog Post

    Recognize and prevent delirium (confusion and agitation) when in hospital.

    Simple interventions (family visits, familiar objects, clocks) may help to prevent or recover from acute delirium in hospital. Recognize confusion or agitation and inform staff.
  • Blog Post

    Multimorbidity: how to improve quality of life when managing several chronic health conditions

    If you have 3 or more health conditions, ask your family doctor about better ways to coordinate your care with other health professionals, and how you might decrease important health risks or improve key functional activities.
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